After the first discovery of zirconia in 1892, it was believed that there was only a naturally occurring monoclinic crystal called "zircon". Due to the limited reserves of zircon, it has not

After the first discovery of zirconia in 1892, it was believed that there was only a naturally occurring monoclinic crystal called "zircon". Due to the limited reserves of zircon, it has not been widely used. Moreover, the melting point of zirconia is as high as 2750 ° C, making it difficult to form single crystals through dissolution.

In 1930, the invention of adding stabilizers resulted in the addition of "stabilized zirconia", which belongs to polycrystalline ceramics and is either cubic or cubic polycrystalline. Stable zirconia is mainly used as a refractory material and can withstand high temperatures and chemicals up to 2540 ° C. Later, in 1937, M.V. Stackelberg and K. Chudoba, the German geochemists, first found the fine single crystal Cubic zirconia in the metasomatized zircon.

In the 1960s, French scientists Y. Roulin and R. Collongues began to study and cultivate single crystal Cubic zirconia. The method they used was to place the melted zirconia in a crucible with a solid zirconia surface, allowing it to crystallize. This method is called the "cold crucible" method. However, this method can only produce very small single crystals. V. V. Osiko, a Soviet scientist, improved this technology at the Lebedev Physical Institute in Moscow. His invention is known as the "cold crucible" method, and the artificial gemstones produced by it are known as the "Fianit" in the Soviet Union. This invention was first disclosed in 1973 and began commercial production in 1976. By 1980, the annual output of Cubic zirconia produced by this method had exceeded 50 million carats (10000 kg).

In September 2012, Russian experts announced that a super large industrial diamond mine discovered by the former Soviet government was being planned and developed by the government. It is reported that the reserves of this giant diamond mine exceed the existing global reserves and can be continuously developed globally for 3000 years. The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences said that there are "trillions of carats" of "impact diamonds" in the Petige crater in eastern Siberia, which are good industrial diamonds, not used to make jewelry. Although both are diamonds, the super diamond mine disclosed this time is not well-known jewelry diamonds, but industrial diamonds. Although ordinary people may not know the difference between the two, the only confirmation is that the jewelry market will not experience significant fluctuations due to this discovery. Although scientists claim that the exploration and development of this diamond mine may lead to industrial transformation, it is still in the planning stage, and it will take time to prove what impact it will have in the future.

On the evening of November 25, 2015, "diamonds" fell from Nathan Road in Hong Kong, causing pedestrians to rush. But after verification, insiders stated that the "diamonds" in this batch were actually "Soviet stones", with over 10 pieces purchased for HKD 100, which were cheap and often used for jewelry making.

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