Grinding wheel balance technology

With the continuous improvement of product accuracy and processing efficiency, high-speed grinding technology is increasingly used in the processing of engineering ceramics. High speed grinding not only brings high efficiency, but also brings a series of problems such as how to eliminate the vibration generated by high-speed rotating grinding wheels. The vibration caused by uneven distribution of grinding wheel mass, installation errors, and coolant adsorption is called imbalance, and the vibration caused by the imbalance of the grinding wheel has a significant impact on the grinding process, seriously restricting the improvement of surface quality and accuracy in ceramic grinding. For high-speed grinding. The imbalance of grinding wheels not only damages the machining accuracy of the workpiece, but also endangers the accuracy of the spindle system, and even damages the machine tool structure. This is why it is necessary to balance the grinding wheel.

In order to achieve relatively high machining accuracy, it is necessary to control the balance state of the grinding wheel within an allowable range. Gravity balancing machines and centrifugal balancing machines are two typical types of balancing machines. Gravity balancing machines are generally referred to as static balancing machines, which rely on the gravity of the rotor itself to measure static imbalance. If the rotor placed on two horizontal guide rails has an imbalance, its moment of gravity towards the axis causes the rotor to roll on the guide rails until it reaches its lowest position before it comes to rest.

The horizontal balance frame is the most commonly used device on site. When balancing, install the grinding wheel on the spindle, then place it horizontally on the parallel guide rail, select the Test point and make a mark. The grinding wheel rolls around the supporting journal due to the presence of an unbalanced measuring surface. Determine the phase of the imbalance based on the position of the test point at rest. Adjust the position of the balance block so that the grinding wheel and spindle can rest on the balance guide rail. Then rotate the grinding wheel through 90 º and continue the above process until the grinding wheel and spindle can rest on the parallel guide rail at any position. At this point, the grinding wheel is in a static equilibrium and supported state.

A structural schematic diagram of a vertical balance frame with a reading device for measuring the imbalance value and phase. When balancing, install the grinding wheel on the spindle and support it on the platform of the ball seat through a steel ball. If there is an imbalance in the grinding wheel, it will sag in a certain direction together with the concentric axis and reading device. The droop direction can be determined by the Dumpy level on the spindle. Rotate the scale so that the correction weight on it is in the opposite direction of the droop. This is the imbalance correction phase. Move the correction weight outward until the scale and the grinding wheel are level at the same time. The product of the moving distance of the weight and its own weight is the magnitude of the imbalance of the grinding wheel. Although this method can quantitatively measure the magnitude and phase of the imbalance and greatly reduce the influence of friction, which is a big step forward compared to traditional static equilibrium, balancing is still time-consuming and labor-intensive.

Gravity balancing machines are only suitable for static balancing of certain disc shaped parts with low balancing accuracy requirements and low rotational speed, and this method is also commonly used as pre balancing for fine balancing. For rotors with high balancing requirements, centrifugal single or double sided balancing machines are generally used.

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